The implementation of restrictive measures and other directives designed to curb the spread of COVID-19 significantly altered the operational landscape for human rights defenders (HRDs). Beyond their everyday challenges, the pandemic’s management by various states in Africa contributed to a further contraction of civic and democratic space, which was already structurally constrained in the region. Within such environments, especially during periods of crisis, it becomes paramount to ensure human rights defenders maintain access to their crucial work and advocacy efforts.

This study aims to thoroughly analyze the repercussions of COVID-19’s restrictive policies on the fundamental rights and freedoms of human rights defenders in Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Mali, Niger, and Sierra Leone. It meticulously documents the innovative strategies developed and deployed by civil society organizations to sustain their operations despite coercive measures. Furthermore, the publication highlights positive contributions and supportive actions from states and other stakeholders that enable HRDs to continue their essential work. This resource also puts forth a series of actionable recommendations to enhance the protection of human rights defenders and safeguard civic space amidst ongoing crises.

Serving as a powerful advocacy instrument, this research is designed to engage national, regional, and international human rights mechanisms. Its core purpose is to challenge the misuse of coercive measures during crises and to consistently uphold the protection of human rights defenders at all times.