Benin’s patient diplomacy: a path to Sahel reconciliation

Following the July 2023 coup in Niger and the subsequent imposition of stringent regional sanctions, the relationship between Cotonou and Niamey endured a profound crisis. This period was characterized by hermetically sealed borders and a barrage of accusations from the Nigerien side. However, a closer examination of events reveals a more nuanced reality: despite the firm stance of the Alliance of Sahel States (AES), Benin consistently sought avenues for conciliation. The recent official visit by Benin’s new president, Romuald Wadagni, to Niamey stands as the culmination of this outstretched diplomatic hand, providing undeniable proof of Cotonou’s good faith.

A persistent drive for de-escalation despite obstacles

While the crisis deepened over several months, Benin took concrete steps early on to ease tensions:

• Prompt lifting of economic sanctions: By late 2023, Benin had already lifted restrictions on the transit of goods destined for Niger via the autonomous port of Cotonou. Cotonou aimed to reopen Niger’s economic lifeline, but Niamey maintained its border closure, citing